Results catalogue

Every result table FlexTool writes, generated from the code. A table is written to output_parquet/<scenario>/<table>.parquet, and with CSV output to output_csv/<scenario>/ under the CSV name of the default output settings. The parquet's top column level is scenario; the levels below it are listed as column levels. Membership sets are flat tables whose first column is scenario, followed by the listed row levels; timeline_breaks is a flat (period, time) table. Units are the default convention of FlexTool (MW, MWh, CUR); see Model outputs for what the results mean and how they are computed.

Costs

See Costs in Model outputs.

`annualized_costs_d_p`

Total cost of each period by cost category, scaled to a full year of operation, including the yearly investment, retirement and fixed costs.

Files: annualized_costs_d_p.parquet, annualized_costs__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: category
every column: M CUR/a, annualized
Results database: model entity cost_annualized parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: costs_dt_p

`costs_discounted_d_p`

Cost of each period by cost category, discounted and multiplied by the years the period represents (the net present value the objective counts).

Files: costs_discounted_d_p.parquet, costs_discounted__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: category
every column: M CUR, discounted
Results database: model entity cost_discounted_solve parameter

`costs_discounted_p_`

Discounted cost by cost category, totalled over all periods of the run.

Files: costs_discounted_p_.parquet, costs_discounted.csv
Rows: category; column levels: none
every column: M CUR, discounted
Results database: model entity cost_discounted_total parameter

`costs_dt_p`

Operational and penalty costs incurred in each time step by cost category, in currency (not millions), with the step duration and timestep weight applied and not scaled to a year.

Files: costs_dt_p.parquet, costs__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: category
every column: CUR, per_step
Results database: model entity cost_t parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: annualized_costs_d_p

`period_share_of_year__d`

Share of a year that each realised period covers; the per-period tables are divided by it to give values per year.

Files: period_share_of_year__d.parquet, period_share_of_year__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: param
every column: dimensionless, ratio
Results database: not written there

`years_represented__d`

Number of years each period represents.

Files: years_represented__d.parquet, years_represented__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: param
every column: a, count
Results database: not written there

Cost by entity

See Cost by entity in Model outputs.

`cost_connection_annualized_d_ec`

Annualized cost of each connection and period by cost category.

Files: cost_connection_annualized_d_ec.parquet, cost_connection_annualized__d.csv
Rows: period, connection; column levels: category
every column: M CUR/a, annualized
Results database: connection entity cost_annualized parameter

`cost_connection_discounted_d_ec`

Discounted cost of each connection and period by cost category.

Files: cost_connection_discounted_d_ec.parquet, cost_connection_discounted__d.csv
Rows: period, connection; column levels: category
every column: M CUR, discounted
Results database: connection entity cost_discounted parameter

`cost_node_annualized_d_ec`

Annualized cost of each node and period by cost category (storage investment and retirement, fixed costs, balance slack penalties).

Files: cost_node_annualized_d_ec.parquet, cost_node_annualized__d.csv
Rows: period, node; column levels: category
every column: M CUR/a, annualized
Results database: node entity cost_annualized parameter

`cost_node_discounted_d_ec`

Discounted cost of each node and period by cost category.

Files: cost_node_discounted_d_ec.parquet, cost_node_discounted__d.csv
Rows: period, node; column levels: category
every column: M CUR, discounted
Results database: node entity cost_discounted parameter

`cost_unit_annualized_d_ec`

Annualized cost of each unit and period by cost category; summed over units, connections and nodes it gives the system annualized costs.

Files: cost_unit_annualized_d_ec.parquet, cost_unit_annualized__d.csv
Rows: period, unit; column levels: category
every column: M CUR/a, annualized
Results database: unit entity cost_annualized parameter

`cost_unit_discounted_d_ec`

Discounted cost of each unit and period by cost category; summed over units, connections and nodes it gives the system discounted costs.

Files: cost_unit_discounted_d_ec.parquet, cost_unit_discounted__d.csv
Rows: period, unit; column levels: category
every column: M CUR, discounted
Results database: unit entity cost_discounted parameter

Prices

See Prices in Model outputs.

`co2_price_period_d_g`

Shadow price of the per-period CO2 cap of each group, in the currency of the period (positive when the cap binds).

Files: co2_price_period_d_g.parquet, group_CO2_price_period__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: group
every column: CUR/t, price
Results database: not written there

`co2_price_total_d_g`

Shadow price of the cumulative CO2 cap of each group, in discounted currency per tonne, the same in every period.

Files: co2_price_total_d_g.parquet, group_CO2_price_total__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: group
every column: CUR/t, price
Results database: not written there

`node_prices_dt_e`

Price of energy at each balanced node and time step: the cost of one more unit of demand there (the dual of the node balance), in the price base of the cost inputs.

Files: node_prices_dt_e.parquet, node_prices__dt.csv
Rows: solve, period, time; column levels: node
every column: CUR/MWh, price
Results database: node entity price_t parameter

`reserve_prices_dt_ppg`

Price of each reserve, direction and group in each time step: the cost of one more MW of every requirement of the group held for the step.

Files: reserve_prices_dt_ppg.parquet, reserve_price__upDown__group__dt.csv
Rows: solve, period, time; column levels: reserve, updown, node_group
every column: CUR/MW, price
Results database: not written there

Energy flows

See Energy flows in Model outputs.

`connection_d_eee`

Net flow through each connection summed over the period and scaled to a full year, positive from the first to the second node.

Files: connection_d_eee.parquet, connection__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: process
every column: MWh/a, annualized
Results database: connection__node__node entity flow_annualized parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: connection_dt_eee

`connection_dt_eee`

Net flow through each connection in each time step, positive from the first to the second node.

Files: connection_dt_eee.parquet, connection__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: process
every column: MW, instantaneous
Results database: connection__node__node entity flow_t parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: connection_d_eee

`connection_leftward_d_eee`

Net flow of each connection into its first node summed over the period and scaled to a full year.

Files: connection_leftward_d_eee.parquet, connection_leftward__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: process, node
every column: MWh/a, annualized
Results database: connection__node__node entity flow_to_first_node_annualized parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: connection_leftward_dt_eee

`connection_leftward_dt_eee`

Net flow of each connection into its first node in each time step.

Files: connection_leftward_dt_eee.parquet, connection_leftward__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: process, node
every column: MW, instantaneous
Results database: connection__node__node entity flow_to_first_node_t parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: connection_leftward_d_eee

`connection_losses_d_eee`

Losses of each connection summed over the period and scaled to a full year, negative when energy is lost.

Files: connection_losses_d_eee.parquet, connection_losses__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: process
every column: MWh/a, annualized
Results database: not written there
Counterpart at the other time resolution: connection_losses_dt_eee

`connection_losses_dt_eee`

Losses of each connection in each time step: the flow out minus the flow in, negative when energy is lost.

Files: connection_losses_dt_eee.parquet, connection__dt_losses.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: process
every column: MW, instantaneous
Results database: not written there
Counterpart at the other time resolution: connection_losses_d_eee

`connection_rightward_d_eee`

Net flow of each connection into its second node summed over the period and scaled to a full year.

Files: connection_rightward_d_eee.parquet, connection_rightward__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: process, node
every column: MWh/a, annualized
Results database: connection__node__node entity flow_to_second_node_annualized parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: connection_rightward_dt_eee

`connection_rightward_dt_eee`

Net flow of each connection into its second node in each time step.

Files: connection_rightward_dt_eee.parquet, connection_rightward__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: process, node
every column: MW, instantaneous
Results database: connection__node__node entity flow_to_second_node_t parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: connection_rightward_d_eee

`unit_inputNode_d_ee`

Flow from each input node into each unit summed over the period and scaled to a full year, as a negative value.

Files: unit_inputNode_d_ee.parquet, unit__inputNode__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: unit, node
every column: MWh/a, annualized
Results database: unit__node entity flow_annualized parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: unit_inputNode_dt_ee

`unit_inputNode_dt_ee`

Flow from each input node into each unit in each time step, as a negative value.

Files: unit_inputNode_dt_ee.parquet, unit__inputNode__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: unit, node
every column: MW, instantaneous
Results database: unit__node entity flow_t parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: unit_inputNode_d_ee

`unit_outputNode_d_ee`

Flow from each unit to each of its output nodes summed over the period and scaled to a full year.

Files: unit_outputNode_d_ee.parquet, unit__outputNode__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: unit, node
every column: MWh/a, annualized
Results database: unit__node entity flow_annualized parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: unit_outputNode_dt_ee

`unit_outputNode_dt_ee`

Flow from each unit to each of its output nodes in each time step.

Files: unit_outputNode_dt_ee.parquet, unit__outputNode__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: unit, node
every column: MW, instantaneous
Results database: unit__node entity flow_t parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: unit_outputNode_d_ee

Capacity factors

See Capacity factors in Model outputs.

`connection_cf_d_e`

Capacity factor of each connection in each period: the absolute flow in either direction divided by the connection capacity and the period's hours.

Files: connection_cf_d_e.parquet, connection_cf__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: connection
every column: dimensionless, ratio
Results database: connection__node__node entity cf parameter

`unit_inputs_cf_d_ee`

Capacity factor of each unit's input flow in each period: the period's flow divided by the unit capacity and the period's hours.

Files: unit_inputs_cf_d_ee.parquet, unit_cf__inputNode__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: unit, source
every column: dimensionless, ratio
Results database: unit__node entity cf parameter

`unit_outputs_cf_d_ee`

Capacity factor of each unit's output flow in each period: the period's flow divided by the unit capacity and the period's hours.

Files: unit_outputs_cf_d_ee.parquet, unit_cf__outputNode__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: unit, sink
every column: dimensionless, ratio
Results database: unit__node entity cf parameter

Energy balance in nodes

See Energy balance in nodes in Model outputs.

`node_d_ep`

Energy balance of each node by category, summed over the period and scaled to a full year.

Files: node_d_ep.parquet, node__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: node, category
every column: MWh/a, annualized
Results database: node entity balance parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: node_dt_ep

`node_dt_ep`

Energy balance of each node in each time step by category: flows from and to units and connections, self-discharge, loss of load, excess load and inflow.

Files: node_dt_ep.parquet, node__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: node, category
every column: MW, instantaneous
Results database: node entity balance_t parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: node_d_ep

`node_state_dt_e`

Stored energy of each storage node at each time step.

Files: node_state_dt_e.parquet, node_state__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: node
every column: MWh, level
Results database: node entity state_t parameter

Unit online and startup

See Unit online and startup in Model outputs.

`unit_online_average_d_e`

Average number of units online of each unit with online variables over the period, weighted by step duration.

Files: unit_online_average_d_e.parquet, unit_online__d_average.csv
Rows: period; column levels: process
every column: units, average
Results database: unit entity online_average parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: unit_online_dt_e

`unit_online_dt_e`

Number of units online of each unit with online variables, in each time step.

Files: unit_online_dt_e.parquet, unit_online__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: process
every column: units, level
Results database: unit entity online_t parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: unit_online_average_d_e

`unit_startup_d_e`

Startups of each unit with online variables in the period, scaled to a full year.

Files: unit_startup_d_e.parquet, unit_startup__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: process
every column: units/a, count
Results database: unit entity startup_cumulative parameter

`unit_startup_energy_d_ee`

Energy that the start-ups of each unit take from each of its start-up input nodes, summed over the period and scaled to a full year.

Files: unit_startup_energy_d_ee.parquet, unit_startup_energy__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: unit, node
every column: MWh/a, annualized
Results database: unit__node entity startup_energy_annualized parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: unit_startup_energy_dt_ee

`unit_startup_energy_dt_ee`

Energy that the start-ups of each unit take from each of its start-up input nodes (startup_input_method) in each time step: startup_energy times the MW started. Also in the unit's input from the node, the commodity cost and CO2.

Files: unit_startup_energy_dt_ee.parquet, unit_startup_energy__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: unit, node
every column: MWh, per_step
Results database: unit__node entity startup_energy_t parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: unit_startup_energy_d_ee

Connection online and startup

See Connection online and startup in Model outputs.

`connection_online_average_d_e`

Average number of units online of each connection with a startup method over the period, weighted by step duration.

Files: connection_online_average_d_e.parquet, connection_online__d_average.csv
Rows: period; column levels: process
every column: units, average
Results database: connection entity online_average parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: connection_online_dt_e

`connection_online_dt_e`

Number of units online of each connection with a startup method, in each time step.

Files: connection_online_dt_e.parquet, connection_online__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: process
every column: units, level
Results database: connection entity online_t parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: connection_online_average_d_e

`connection_startup_d_e`

Startups of each connection with a startup method in the period, scaled to a full year.

Files: connection_startup_d_e.parquet, connection_startup__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: process
every column: units/a, count
Results database: connection entity startup_cumulative parameter

Unit curtailment and VRE potential

See Unit curtailment and VRE potential in Model outputs.

`unit_VRE_potential_outputNode_d_ee`

Potential output of each VRE unit to each output node in the period, summed with the timestep weights and scaled to a full year (MWh/a).

Files: unit_VRE_potential_outputNode_d_ee.parquet, unit_outputNode_VRE_potential__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: unit, sink
every column: MWh/a, annualized
Results database: not written there
Counterpart at the other time resolution: unit_VRE_potential_outputNode_dt_ee

`unit_VRE_potential_outputNode_dt_ee`

Potential output of each VRE unit to each output node in each time step: capacity times the upper-limit profile.

Files: unit_VRE_potential_outputNode_dt_ee.parquet, unit_outputNode_VRE_potential__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: unit, sink
every column: MW, instantaneous
Results database: not written there
Counterpart at the other time resolution: unit_VRE_potential_outputNode_d_ee

`unit_curtailment_outputNode_d_ee`

Curtailment of each VRE unit at each output node in the period, summed with the timestep weights and scaled to a full year (MWh/a).

Files: unit_curtailment_outputNode_d_ee.parquet, unit_curtailment__outputNode__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: unit, sink
every column: MWh/a, annualized
Results database: not written there
Counterpart at the other time resolution: unit_curtailment_outputNode_dt_ee

`unit_curtailment_outputNode_dt_ee`

Curtailment of each VRE unit at each output node in each time step: the potential minus the actual output.

Files: unit_curtailment_outputNode_dt_ee.parquet, unit_curtailment__outputNode__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: unit, sink
every column: MW, instantaneous
Results database: unit__node entity curtailment_t parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: unit_curtailment_outputNode_d_ee

`unit_curtailment_share_outputNode_d_ee`

Curtailment of each VRE unit as a share of its potential output over the period.

Files: unit_curtailment_share_outputNode_d_ee.parquet, unit_outputNode_VRE_curtailment_share__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: unit, sink
every column: dimensionless, ratio
Results database: unit__node entity curtailment_share parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: unit_curtailment_share_outputNode_dt_ee

`unit_curtailment_share_outputNode_dt_ee`

Curtailment of each VRE unit as a share of its potential output in each time step.

Files: unit_curtailment_share_outputNode_dt_ee.parquet, unit_outputNode_VRE_curtailment_share__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: unit, sink
every column: dimensionless, ratio
Results database: not written there
Counterpart at the other time resolution: unit_curtailment_share_outputNode_d_ee

Node group results

See Node group results in Model outputs.

`nodeGroup_VRE_share_d_g`

Share of the period's inflow (demand) of each indicator group covered by VRE units: the VRE energy over the inflow, both summed with the timestep weights.

Files: nodeGroup_VRE_share_d_g.parquet, group_node_VRE_share__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: group
every column: dimensionless, ratio
Results database: not written there
Counterpart at the other time resolution: nodeGroup_VRE_share_dt_g

`nodeGroup_VRE_share_dt_g`

Share of the inflow (demand) of each indicator group covered by VRE units in each time step.

Files: nodeGroup_VRE_share_dt_g.parquet, group_node_VRE_share__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: group
every column: dimensionless, ratio
Results database: group entity VRE_share_t parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: nodeGroup_VRE_share_d_g

`nodeGroup_VRE_share_g`

Share of the inflow (demand) of each indicator group covered by VRE units over the whole horizon: the total VRE energy over the total inflow (each period scaled to a year and times its years represented).

Files: nodeGroup_VRE_share_g.parquet, group_node_VRE_share__horizon.csv
Rows: horizon; column levels: group
every column: dimensionless, ratio
Results database: not written there

`nodeGroup_flows_d_g`

Inflow summed over the member nodes of each indicator group, summed over the period and scaled to a full year.

Files: nodeGroup_flows_d_g.parquet, group_total_inflow__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: group
every column: MWh/a, annualized
Results database: group entity flow_annualized parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: nodeGroup_flows_dt_g

`nodeGroup_flows_d_gpe`

Energy into and out of each dispatch group by type and item, summed over the period and scaled to a full year.

Files: nodeGroup_flows_d_gpe.parquet, group_flows__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: group, type, item
every column: MWh/a, annualized
Results database: group entity sum_flow_annualized parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: nodeGroup_flows_dt_gpe

`nodeGroup_flows_dt_g`

Inflow summed over the member nodes of each indicator group (nodes with an inflow method) in each time step.

Files: nodeGroup_flows_dt_g.parquet, group_total_inflow__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: group
every column: MWh, per_step
Results database: group entity flow_t parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: nodeGroup_flows_d_g

`nodeGroup_flows_dt_gpe`

Energy in each time step into and out of each dispatch group by type (slack, units, unit groups, connections, connection groups, inflow, internal losses) and item.

Files: nodeGroup_flows_dt_gpe.parquet, group_flows__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: group, type, item
every column: MWh, per_step
Results database: group entity sum_flow_t parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: nodeGroup_flows_d_gpe

`nodeGroup_g_p`

Indicators of each indicator group over the whole horizon: loss of load, excess load and curtailment as shares of demand, the VRE share of demand and the curtailed share of the VRE potential, each a ratio of the energies over all periods (each period scaled to a year and times its years represented), and the inflow over the horizon.

Files: nodeGroup_g_p.parquet, group_node__horizon.csv
Rows: group; column levels: parameter
1. Loss of load share: dimensionless, ratio
2. VRE share of demand: dimensionless, ratio
3. Excess load share: dimensionless, ratio
4. Curtailed VRE of demand: dimensionless, ratio
5. Inflow (horizon total): MWh, horizon
6. Curtailed VRE of potential VRE: dimensionless, ratio
Results database: not written there

`nodeGroup_gd_p`

Indicators of each indicator group in each period: loss of load, excess load and curtailment as shares of demand, the VRE share of demand and the annualized inflow.

Files: nodeGroup_gd_p.parquet, group_node__d.csv
Rows: group, period; column levels: parameter
1. Loss of load share: dimensionless, ratio
2. VRE share of demand: dimensionless, ratio
3. Excess load share: dimensionless, ratio
4. Curtailed VRE of demand: dimensionless, ratio
5. Annualized inflow: MWh/a, annualized
6. Curtailed VRE of potential VRE: dimensionless, ratio
Results database: group entity indicator parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: nodeGroup_gdt_p

`nodeGroup_gdt_p`

Indicator building blocks of each indicator group in each time step: loss of load, VRE generation, excess load, curtailed VRE, inflow and VRE shares.

Files: nodeGroup_gdt_p.parquet, group_node__dt.csv
Rows: group, period, time; column levels: parameter
1. Loss of load: MWh, per_step
2. VRE generation: MWh, per_step
3. Excess load: MWh, per_step
4. Curtailed VRE: MWh, per_step
5. Timestep inflow: MWh, per_step
6. Curtailed VRE of potential VRE: dimensionless, ratio
7. Annualized inflow: MWh/a, annualized
8. VRE share of demand: dimensionless, ratio
Results database: not written there
Counterpart at the other time resolution: nodeGroup_gd_p

Flow group results

See Flow group results in Model outputs.

`flowGroup_gd_p`

Sum of the absolute flows of the member legs of each flow group in the period, summed with the timestep weights and scaled to a full year (cumulative_flow, MWh/a), and its average power (average_flow, MW).

Files: flowGroup_gd_p.parquet, group_flow__d.csv
Rows: group, period; column levels: parameter
cumulative_flow: MWh/a, annualized
average_flow: MW, average
Results database: not written there
Counterpart at the other time resolution: flowGroup_gd_t

`flowGroup_gd_t`

Signed net flow into the nodes of each flow group in each time step (into the group's nodes positive).

Files: flowGroup_gd_t.parquet, group_flow__dt.csv
Rows: group, period, time; column levels: parameter
every column: MW, instantaneous
Results database: not written there
Counterpart at the other time resolution: flowGroup_gd_p

Capacity and investment results

See Capacity and investment results in Model outputs.

`connection_capacity_ed_p`

Capacity of each connection in each period: existing, invested, in construction, divested and the total in service.

Files: connection_capacity_ed_p.parquet, connection_capacity__d.csv
Rows: connection, period; column levels: parameter
every column: MW, level
Results database: connection entity capacity parameter

`dual_invest_effective_connection_d_e`

Marginal value of one more unit of capacity of each investable connection in each period (positive: more capacity would lower the cost).

Files: dual_invest_effective_connection_d_e.parquet, connection_invest_marginal__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: entity
every column: CUR/kW, price
Results database: connection entity invest_marginal parameter

`dual_invest_effective_node_d_e`

Marginal value of one more unit of storage capacity of each investable storage node in each period (positive: more capacity would lower the cost).

Files: dual_invest_effective_node_d_e.parquet, node_invest_marginal__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: entity
every column: CUR/kWh, price
Results database: node entity invest_marginal parameter

`dual_invest_effective_unit_d_e`

Marginal value of one more unit of capacity of each investable unit in each period (positive: more capacity would lower the cost).

Files: dual_invest_effective_unit_d_e.parquet, unit_invest_marginal__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: entity
every column: CUR/kW, price
Results database: unit entity invest_marginal parameter

`node_capacity_ed_p`

Storage capacity of each storage node in each period: existing, invested, in construction, divested and the total in service.

Files: node_capacity_ed_p.parquet, node_capacity__d.csv
Rows: node, period; column levels: parameter
every column: MWh, level
Results database: node entity capacity parameter

`unit_capacity_ed_p`

Capacity of each unit in each period: existing, invested, in construction, divested and the total in service.

Files: unit_capacity_ed_p.parquet, unit_capacity__d.csv
Rows: unit, period; column levels: parameter
every column: MW, level
Results database: unit entity capacity parameter

CO2 emissions

See CO2 emissions in Model outputs.

`CO2__`

CO2 emissions of the whole model totalled over the years the periods represent (one column per scenario path when a stochastic run has several).

Files: CO2__.parquet, co2.csv
Rows: param_CO2; column levels: scope
every column: Mt, horizon
Results database: not written there

`CO2_d_g`

Annual CO2 emissions of each CO2-priced or CO2-capped group, by period.

Files: CO2_d_g.parquet, group_CO2__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: group
every column: t/a, annualized
Results database: group entity CO2_annualized parameter

`process_co2_d_eee`

Annual CO2 emissions of each unit and connection flow by commodity and node, by period (negative for a removal).

Files: process_co2_d_eee.parquet, process__d_co2.csv
Rows: period; column levels: type, process, commodity, node
every column: t/a, annualized
Results database: unit entity CO2_annualized parameter

Reserves

See Reserves in Model outputs.

`nodeGroup_reserve_d_eegp`

Reserve requirement, provision and shortfall of each reserve, direction and group in each period: time-step-weighted averages and step maxima.

Files: nodeGroup_reserve_d_eegp.parquet, reserve__upDown__group__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: reserve, updown, node_group, quantity
requirement_avg: MW, average
provided_avg: MW, average
counted_avg: MW, average
shortfall_avg: MW, average
requirement_max: MW, level
shortfall_max: MW, level
Results database: group__reserve__upDown entity requirement parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: nodeGroup_reserve_dt_eegp

`nodeGroup_reserve_dt_eegp`

Reserve requirement of each reserve, direction and group in each time step: the need of the binding requirement row and the reserve it counts (for an n-1 row without the failing process's own reserve, so requirement − counted is the shortfall), the need of each method, the reserve provided and the shortfall.

Files: nodeGroup_reserve_dt_eegp.parquet, reserve__upDown__group__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: reserve, updown, node_group, quantity
every column: MW, level
Results database: group__reserve__upDown entity requirement_t parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: nodeGroup_reserve_d_eegp

`nodeGroup_reserve_provider_dt_eegee`

Counted reserve (× reliability) of each unit or connection at each node for each reserve, direction and group in each time step, summing to the group's provided reserve.

Files: nodeGroup_reserve_provider_dt_eegee.parquet, reserve__group__provider__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: reserve, updown, node_group, process, node
every column: MW, level
Results database: not written there

`process_reserve_average_d_eppe`

Reserve held by each unit or connection for each reserve, direction and node, the time-step-weighted average MW over the period's realized steps.

Files: process_reserve_average_d_eppe.parquet, process__reserve__upDown__node__d_average.csv
Rows: period; column levels: process, reserve, updown, node
every column: MW, average
Results database: unit__reserve__upDown__node entity reservation_average parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: process_reserve_upDown_node_dt_eppe

`process_reserve_upDown_node_dt_eppe`

Reserve held by each unit or connection for each reserve, direction and node in each time step.

Files: process_reserve_upDown_node_dt_eppe.parquet, process__reserve__upDown__node__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: process, reserve, updown, node
every column: MW, instantaneous
Results database: unit__reserve__upDown__node entity reservation_t parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: process_reserve_average_d_eppe

Inertia and non-synchronous generation

See Inertia and non-synchronous generation in Model outputs.

`nodeGroup_inertia_dt_g`

Inertia available in each inertia group in each time step.

Files: nodeGroup_inertia_dt_g.parquet, group_inertia__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: group
every column: MW·s, level
Results database: group entity inertia_t parameter

`nodeGroup_inertia_largest_flow_dt_g`

Largest single flow into the nodes of each inertia group in each time step.

Files: nodeGroup_inertia_largest_flow_dt_g.parquet, group_inertia_largest_flow__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: group
every column: MW, instantaneous
Results database: group entity inertia_largest_flow_t parameter

`nodeGroup_unit_node_inertia_dt_gee`

Inertia contribution of each unit or connection at each node of each inertia group in each time step.

Files: nodeGroup_unit_node_inertia_dt_gee.parquet, group__unit__node_inertia__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: group, process, node
every column: MW·s, level
Results database: group entity inertia_unit_node_t parameter

DC power flow

See DC power flow in Model outputs.

`dc_angle_diff_dt_e`

Voltage angle difference between the first and the second node of each DC power-flow connection in each time step.

Files: dc_angle_diff_dt_e.parquet, dc_angle_diff_dt_e.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: connection
every column: rad, level
Results database: not written there

`dc_angle_dt_e`

Voltage angle of each DC power-flow node in each time step.

Files: dc_angle_dt_e.parquet, dc_angle_dt_e.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: node
every column: rad, level
Results database: not written there

Slack and penalty values

See Slack and penalty values in Model outputs.

`nodeGroup_capacity_margin_d_g`

Capacity margin of each solve with investment periods, per group and investment period at the step with the largest deficit: the requirement, what firm, VRE, storage, other units, connections and consumption count, the shortfall, its penalty and the shadow price.

Files: nodeGroup_capacity_margin_d_g.parquet, capacity_margin__d.csv
Rows: solve, period, group, binding_time; column levels: parameter
every column: MW, level
penalty_cost: M CUR, discounted
capacity_price: CUR/kW/a, price
Results database: group entity capacity_margin parameter

`nodeGroup_capacity_margin_entity_d_g`

Contribution of each unit, connection and node to the capacity margin of each group at its binding step, per solve and investment period, summing to the counted capacity.

Files: nodeGroup_capacity_margin_entity_d_g.parquet, capacity_margin_entity__d.csv
Rows: solve, period, group, binding_time; column levels: class, entity
every column: MW, level
Results database: group entity capacity_margin_contribution parameter

`nodeGroup_slack_capacity_margin_d_g`

Capacity margin shortfall of each group in each investment period, not scaled to a year.

Files: nodeGroup_slack_capacity_margin_d_g.parquet, slack__capacity_margin__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: group
every column: MW, level
Results database: group entity slack_capacity_margin parameter

`nodeGroup_slack_inertia_dt_g`

Inertia shortfall of each inertia group in each time step.

Files: nodeGroup_slack_inertia_dt_g.parquet, slack__inertia_group__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: group
every column: MW·s, level
Results database: group entity slack_inertia_t parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: nodeGroup_slack_inertia_d_g

`nodeGroup_slack_nonsync_dt_g`

Non-synchronous generation above the allowed share of each group in each time step.

Files: nodeGroup_slack_nonsync_dt_g.parquet, slack__nonsync_group__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: group
every column: MW, instantaneous
Results database: group entity slack_nonsync_t parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: nodeGroup_slack_nonsync_d_g

`nodeGroup_slack_reserve_dt_eeg`

Reserve shortfall of each reserve, direction and group in each time step.

Files: nodeGroup_slack_reserve_dt_eeg.parquet, slack__reserve__upDown__group__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: reserve, updown, node_group
every column: MW, instantaneous
Results database: group__reserve__upDown entity slack_reserve_t parameter
Counterpart at the other time resolution: nodeGroup_slack_reserve_d_eeg

Other

`connection_dc_power_flow`

Set of the connections in a DC power-flow network.

Files: connection_dc_power_flow.parquet, connection_dc_power_flow.csv
Membership set; its columns: connection
Results database: not written there

`discountFactors_d_p`

Operations and investment discount factors of each period (written only in a debug run).

Files: discountFactors_d_p.parquet, discount_factors__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: param
every column: dimensionless, ratio
Results database: not written there

`entity_annuity_d_p`

Discounted investment cost per MW of the capacity of each unit, connection and storage node decided in a period (written only in a debug run).

Files: entity_annuity_d_p.parquet, entity_annuity.csv
Rows: solve, period; column levels: entity
every column: CUR/MW, discounted
Results database: not written there

`flowGroupIndicators`

Set of the flow groups with indicator output.

Files: flowGroupIndicators.parquet, flowGroupIndicators.csv
Membership set; its columns: group
Results database: not written there

`group_node`

Membership set: the nodes of each group.

Files: group_node.parquet, group_node.csv
Membership set; its columns: group, node
Results database: not written there

`group_process`

Membership set: the units and connections of each group.

Files: group_process.parquet, group_process.csv
Membership set; its columns: group, process
Results database: not written there

`group_process_node`

Membership set: the (unit or connection, node) flows of each group.

Files: group_process_node.parquet, group_process_node.csv
Membership set; its columns: group, process, node
Results database: not written there

`nodeGroupDispatch`

Set of the node groups with dispatch output (print_dispatch).

Files: nodeGroupDispatch.parquet, nodeGroupDispatch.csv
Membership set; its columns: group
Results database: not written there

`nodeGroupIndicators`

Set of the node groups with indicator output (print_indicators).

Files: nodeGroupIndicators.parquet, nodeGroupIndicators.csv
Membership set; its columns: group
Results database: not written there

`nodeGroup_slack_inertia_d_g`

Inertia shortfall of each inertia group summed over the period and scaled to a full year.

Files: nodeGroup_slack_inertia_d_g.parquet, slack__inertia_group__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: group
every column: MW·s/a, annualized
Results database: not written there
Counterpart at the other time resolution: nodeGroup_slack_inertia_dt_g

`nodeGroup_slack_nonsync_d_g`

Non-synchronous generation above the allowed share of each group summed over the period and scaled to a full year.

Files: nodeGroup_slack_nonsync_d_g.parquet, slack__nonsync_group__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: group
every column: MWh/a, annualized
Results database: not written there
Counterpart at the other time resolution: nodeGroup_slack_nonsync_dt_g

`nodeGroup_slack_reserve_d_eeg`

Reserve shortfall of each reserve, direction and group summed over the period and scaled to a full year.

Files: nodeGroup_slack_reserve_d_eeg.parquet, slack__reserve__upDown__group__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: reserve, updown, node_group
every column: MWh/a, annualized
Results database: not written there
Counterpart at the other time resolution: nodeGroup_slack_reserve_dt_eeg

`node_dc_power_flow`

Set of the nodes in a DC power-flow network.

Files: node_dc_power_flow.parquet, node_dc_power_flow.csv
Membership set; its columns: node
Results database: not written there

`node_inflow__dt`

Inflow of each node in each time step as given to the model (demand is negative).

Files: node_inflow__dt.parquet, node_inflow__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: node
every column: MWh, per_step
Results database: not written there

`node_slack_down_d_e`

Downward slack (excess load) of each balanced node summed over the period and scaled to a full year.

Files: node_slack_down_d_e.parquet, slack__downward__node_state__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: node
every column: MWh/a, annualized
Results database: not written there
Counterpart at the other time resolution: node_slack_down_dt_e

`node_slack_down_dt_e`

Downward slack (excess load) of each balanced node in each time step.

Files: node_slack_down_dt_e.parquet, slack__downward__node_state__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: node
every column: MW, instantaneous
Results database: not written there
Counterpart at the other time resolution: node_slack_down_d_e

`node_slack_up_d_e`

Upward slack (loss of load) of each balanced node summed over the period and scaled to a full year.

Files: node_slack_up_d_e.parquet, slack__upward__node_state__d.csv
Rows: period; column levels: node
every column: MWh/a, annualized
Results database: not written there
Counterpart at the other time resolution: node_slack_up_dt_e

`node_slack_up_dt_e`

Upward slack (loss of load) of each balanced node in each time step.

Files: node_slack_up_dt_e.parquet, slack__upward__node_state__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: node
every column: MW, instantaneous
Results database: not written there
Counterpart at the other time resolution: node_slack_up_d_e

`timeline_breaks`

Realized time steps at which a time-series plot starts a new line (gaps, representative period starts, periods that do not continue the previous one).

Files: timeline_breaks.parquet, timeline_breaks.csv
Membership set; its columns: period, time
Results database: not written there

`unit_ramp_inputs_dt_ee`

Change of each unit's input flow from the previous time step.

Files: unit_ramp_inputs_dt_ee.parquet, unit_ramp__inputNode__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: unit, source
every column: MW, instantaneous
Results database: unit__node entity ramp_t parameter

`unit_ramp_outputs_dt_ee`

Change of each unit's output flow from the previous time step.

Files: unit_ramp_outputs_dt_ee.parquet, unit_ramp__outputNode__dt.csv
Rows: period, time; column levels: unit, sink
every column: MW, instantaneous
Results database: unit__node entity ramp_t parameter